Research Article
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 84 - 103, 10.10.2020
Abstract
This study investigated the intersectional identities in Middle East Outreach Council-Middle East Book Award (ME0C-MEBAW) picturebooks through content analysis to provide the numeric data about the focal subjects. Awarded books have a great chance to enter the classroom (Crisp, 2015). I developed an instrument and surveyed with 92 focal subjects in total of 36 picturebooks from an intersectional lens to understand which identities are represented in numbers and what Middle Eastern intersectional identities are available for children. Despite all children have the right to see themselves reflected in the books, considering the intersectional identities, this is not possible. The findings suggest that there is a tendency to focus on some certain intersectional identities (e.g. Middle Eastern male focal subjects), and some intersectional identities were never referenced (e.g. disabled Middle Eastern focal subjects). Rather than focusing on a one-single identity, intersectional identities should be considered to fully represent the Middle Eastern characters.
Keywords
Middle Eastern Identity Intersectionality Quantitative Intersectional Analysis Award-Winning Picturebooks
Supporting Institution
No
Project Number
No
Thanks
No
References
- Altieri, J. L. (2008). Fictional characters with dyslexia: What are we seeing in books?. Teaching Exceptional Children, 41(1), 48-54. BBC NEWS (12 November 2018). Cyprus country profile. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17217956 BBC NEWS (27 August 2019). Turkey country profile. Retrieved from https://monitoring.bbc.co.uk/country/TUR?preview=true BBC NEWS (9 April 2019). Israel country profile. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29123668 Beach, R. (1993). A teacher’s introduction to reader-response theories. Urbana, IL: NCTE. Bishop, R.S. (1990). Mirrors, windows, and sliding glass doors. Perspectives, 6(3), ix–xi. Campbell, P., & Crowe, C. (2015). Spirituality in young adult literature: The last taboo. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Little field. Clark, R., Lennon, R., & Morris, L. (1993). Of Caldecotts and Kings: Gendered images in recent American children’s books by Black and Non-Black Illustrators. Gender & Society, 7(2), 227-245. Collins, P. H. & Chepp, V. (2013). Intersectionality. In G. Waylen, K. Celis, J. Kantola, & S. L. Weldon (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of gender and politics (pp.1-36). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas. The Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 1-20. Cooper, A. J. (1892). A voice from the South. Mineola, NY: Dover Thrift. Crenshew, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, (1), 139-167. Crisp, T. (2015). A content analysis of Orbis Pictus award-winning nonfiction 1990-2014. Language Arts, 92(4), 241-255. Crisp, T., & Hiller, B. (2011). Telling tales about gender: A critical analysis of Caldecott medal-winning picturebooks, 1938-2011. Journal of Children’s Literature, 37(2), 18-29. Crisp, T., & Hiller, B. (2011). Telling tales about gender: A critical analysis of Caldecott medal-winning picturebooks, 1938-2011. Journal of Children’s Literature, 37(2), 18-29. Dallavis, C. (2011). “Because that’s who I am”: Extending theories of culturally responsive pedagogy to consider religious identity, belief, and practice. Multicultural Perspectives, 13(3), 138-144. Hancock, A. (2013). Empirical intersectionality: A tale of two approaches, U.C. Irvine Law Review, 259(3), 359-296. Hart, T. (2003). The secret spiritual world of children. Novata, CA: New World Library. Hermann-Wilmarth, J. M., Ryan, C. L. (2014). Queering chapter books with LGBT characters for young readers: Recognizing and complicating representations of homonormativity. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural politics of Education, 37(6), 846-866. Kidd, K. (2007). “Not censorship but selection”: Censorship and/as prizing. Children’s Literature in Education (40), 197-216. Kidd, K. (2007). “Not censorship but selection”: Censorship and/as prizing. Children’s Literature in Education (40), 197-216. Kochhar, R. (September 6, 2018). The American middle class is stable in size, but losing ground financially to upper-income families. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/06/the-american-middle-class-is-stable-in-size-but-losing-ground-financially-to-upper-income-families/ Koss, M. D. (2015). Diversity in contemporary picturebooks: A content analysis. Journal of Children’s Literature, 41(1), 32-42. Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage. Krostad, J. M. (March 24, 2014). Census Bureau explores new Middle East/North Africa ethnic category. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/03/24/census-bureau-explores-new-middle-eastnorth-africa-ethnic-category/ Lardieri, A. (December 6, 2017). Trump declares Jerusalem new capital of Israel. Retrieved from https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2017-12-06/trump-declares-jerusalem-new-capital-of-israel. Lewis, B. (1992). Rethinking the Middle East. Council on Foreign Relations, 71(4), 99-119. Liang, L. A., Watkins, N. M., & Williams, V. S (2013). A step toward global awareness: An examination of USBBY outstanding international books for the primary grades. Journal of Children’s Literature, 39(1), 16-24. Lorber, J. (1994). The social construction of gender. In D. B. Grusky, & S. Szelenyi (Ed.), The inequality reader: Contemporary and foundation reading in race, class, and gender (pp. 276-283). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. May, Bingham, & Pendergast (2014). Culturally and linguistically interactive readalouds. Multicultural Perspectives, 16(4), 210-18. May, V. M. (2015). Pursuing intersectionality, unsettling dominant imaginaries. New York, NY: Routledge. Mendoza, J, & Reese, D. (2001). Examining multicultural picture books for the early childhood classroom: Possibilities and pitfalls. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 3(2), 155-169. Middle East Outreach Council (2018). Retrieved from http://www.meoc.us/book-awards/winners-of-the-2017-middle-east-book-award. Miller, B. J. F. (1998). What color is gold? Twenty-one years od same-race authors and protagonists in the Newbery Medal. Journal of Youth Services in Libraries, 12(1), 34-39. Naidoo, J. C. (2012). Rainbow family collection: Selecting and using children’s books with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer content. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited. Nodelman, P. & Reimer, M (2002), The pleasures of children’s literature. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Nodelman, P. (1992). Orientalism, colonialism, and children’s literature. Children’s Literature Association Quarterly, 17(1), 29-35. Pew Research Center (April 17, 2018). Muslims in America: Immigrants and those born in the U.S. see life differently in many ways. Retrieved from https://www.pewforum.org/essay/muslims-in-america-immigrants-and-those-born-in-u-s-see-life-differently-in-many-ways/ Rawson, C. H. (2011). Are all lists created equal?: Diversity in award-winning and bestselling young adult fiction. Journal of Research in Libraries and Young Adults, 1(3). Retireved from http://www.yalsa.ala.org/jrlya/2011/06/are-all-lists-created-equal-diversity-in-award-winning-and-bestselling-young-adult-fiction/ Rawson, C. H. (2011). Are all lists created equal?: Diversity in award-winning and bestselling young adult fiction. Journal of Research in Libraries and Young Adults, 1(3). Retireved from http://www.yalsa.ala.org/jrlya/2011/06/are-all-lists-created-equal-diversity-in-award-winning-and-bestselling-young-adult-fiction/ Reese, D. (2000). Contesting ideology in children’s book reviewing. SAIL, 12(1), 37-55. Short, K. G., & Fox, D. L. (2013). The complexity of cultural authenticity in children’s literature: Why the debates really matter. In D. L. Fox, K. G. Shorty (Eds.), Stories matter: The complexity of cultural authenticity in children’s literature (pp.3-25). Urbana, IL, National Council of Teacher Education. Stokes, B. (February 1, 2017). Birthright nationality. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/02/01/birthright-nationality/ Taxel, J. (2011). The economics of children’s book publishing in the 21st century. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso, & C. A. Jenkins. Handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature. New York, NY: Routledge. Trousdale, A. (2005). Intersections of spirituality, religion and gender in children’s literature. International Journal of Children's Spirituality, 10(1), 61-79. Valadez, C., Sutterby, S. M., & Donaldson, T. F. (2013). Content analysis of Latino award-winning children’s literature. In N. Zunker, Preparing effective teachers for tomorrow’s schools. Corpus Christi, TX: Ceder. Wang, H. L. (March 26, 2018). 2020 Census will reinstate question on citizenship statues. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/03/26/597188221/2020-census-will-reinstate-question-on-citizenship-status West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing gender. Gender & Society, 1 (125), 125-151. Yokota, J. (2011). Awards in literature for children and adolescents. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso & A. Jenkins (Eds.), The handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature (pp. 467-478). New York, NY: Routledge. Yokota, J. (2011). Awards in literature for children and adolescents. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso & A. Jenkins (Eds.), The handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature (pp. 467-478). New York, NY: Routledge. Children’s Literature Cited Addasi M., & Gannon, N. (2010). Time to pray. Honesdale, PA: Boyds Mills Press. Baker, J. (2010). Mirror. Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press. Coulter, L., & Newbigging, M. (2010). Kings and carpenters: One hundred Bible land jobs you might have praised or panned. Toronto, CA: Annick Press. Haskins, J., Benson, K., & Zaman, F. (2007). Count your way through Iran. Brookfield, CT: Millbrook Press. Henderson, K., & Ray, J. (2006). Lugalbanda, the boy who got caught up in a war. Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press. Khan, H. (2012). Golden domes and silver lanterns: A Muslim book of colors. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books. Lumbard, A. Y. (2015). When the animals saved the earth: An eco-fable. Bloomington, IN: Wisdom Tales. Mobin-Uddin, A., & Jacobsen, L. (2007). The best Eid ever. Honesdale, PA: Boyds Mills Press. Smith, S., & Fronty, A. (2007). One city, two brothers. Cambridge, MA: Barefoot Books. Ural, S. (2012). Folktales from Turkey: From Agri to Zelve. Istanbul, Turkey: Citlembik Press
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 84 - 103, 10.10.2020
Abstract
Bu çalışma, odak konuları hakkında sayısal veriler sağlamak üzere içerik analizi yoluyla Ortadoğu Sosyal Yardım Konseyi-Ortadoğu Kitap Ödülü (ME0C-MEBAW) resimli çocuk kitaplarındaki kesişen kimlikleri araştırmıştır. Ödüllü kitaplar sınıfa girmek için büyük bir şansa sahiptir (Crisp, 2015). Bu araştırmada bir enstrüman geliştirdim ve hangi kimliklerin sayılarda temsil edildiğini ve çocuklar için hangi Orta Doğu kesişimsel kimliklerinin mevcut olduğunu anlamak için bir kesişim objektifinden toplam 36 resimli çocuk kitabıyla 92 odak konuyu araştırdım. Tüm çocukların kesişimsel kimlikleri göz önünde bulundurarak kendilerini kitaplara yansımalarına hakkı olmasına rağmen, bu mümkün değildir. Bulgular, bazı kesişimsel kimliklere (örneğin, Orta Doğu erkek fokal deneklerine) odaklanma eğilimi olduğunu ve bazı kesişimsel kimliklere asla referans yapılmadığını (örneğin, engelli Orta Doğu fokal denekleri) göstermektedir. Tek bir kimliğe odaklanmak yerine, kesişimsel kimliklerin Ortadoğu karakterlerini tam olarak temsil etmesi düşünülmelidir.
Project Number
No
References
- Altieri, J. L. (2008). Fictional characters with dyslexia: What are we seeing in books?. Teaching Exceptional Children, 41(1), 48-54. BBC NEWS (12 November 2018). Cyprus country profile. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17217956 BBC NEWS (27 August 2019). Turkey country profile. Retrieved from https://monitoring.bbc.co.uk/country/TUR?preview=true BBC NEWS (9 April 2019). Israel country profile. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29123668 Beach, R. (1993). A teacher’s introduction to reader-response theories. Urbana, IL: NCTE. Bishop, R.S. (1990). Mirrors, windows, and sliding glass doors. Perspectives, 6(3), ix–xi. Campbell, P., & Crowe, C. (2015). Spirituality in young adult literature: The last taboo. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Little field. Clark, R., Lennon, R., & Morris, L. (1993). Of Caldecotts and Kings: Gendered images in recent American children’s books by Black and Non-Black Illustrators. Gender & Society, 7(2), 227-245. Collins, P. H. & Chepp, V. (2013). Intersectionality. In G. Waylen, K. Celis, J. Kantola, & S. L. Weldon (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of gender and politics (pp.1-36). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Collins, P. H. (2015). Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas. The Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 1-20. Cooper, A. J. (1892). A voice from the South. Mineola, NY: Dover Thrift. Crenshew, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the intersection of race and sex: A Black feminist critique of antidiscrimination doctrine, feminist theory and antiracist politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, (1), 139-167. Crisp, T. (2015). A content analysis of Orbis Pictus award-winning nonfiction 1990-2014. Language Arts, 92(4), 241-255. Crisp, T., & Hiller, B. (2011). Telling tales about gender: A critical analysis of Caldecott medal-winning picturebooks, 1938-2011. Journal of Children’s Literature, 37(2), 18-29. Crisp, T., & Hiller, B. (2011). Telling tales about gender: A critical analysis of Caldecott medal-winning picturebooks, 1938-2011. Journal of Children’s Literature, 37(2), 18-29. Dallavis, C. (2011). “Because that’s who I am”: Extending theories of culturally responsive pedagogy to consider religious identity, belief, and practice. Multicultural Perspectives, 13(3), 138-144. Hancock, A. (2013). Empirical intersectionality: A tale of two approaches, U.C. Irvine Law Review, 259(3), 359-296. Hart, T. (2003). The secret spiritual world of children. Novata, CA: New World Library. Hermann-Wilmarth, J. M., Ryan, C. L. (2014). Queering chapter books with LGBT characters for young readers: Recognizing and complicating representations of homonormativity. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural politics of Education, 37(6), 846-866. Kidd, K. (2007). “Not censorship but selection”: Censorship and/as prizing. Children’s Literature in Education (40), 197-216. Kidd, K. (2007). “Not censorship but selection”: Censorship and/as prizing. Children’s Literature in Education (40), 197-216. Kochhar, R. (September 6, 2018). The American middle class is stable in size, but losing ground financially to upper-income families. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2018/09/06/the-american-middle-class-is-stable-in-size-but-losing-ground-financially-to-upper-income-families/ Koss, M. D. (2015). Diversity in contemporary picturebooks: A content analysis. Journal of Children’s Literature, 41(1), 32-42. Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage. Krostad, J. M. (March 24, 2014). Census Bureau explores new Middle East/North Africa ethnic category. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/03/24/census-bureau-explores-new-middle-eastnorth-africa-ethnic-category/ Lardieri, A. (December 6, 2017). Trump declares Jerusalem new capital of Israel. Retrieved from https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2017-12-06/trump-declares-jerusalem-new-capital-of-israel. Lewis, B. (1992). Rethinking the Middle East. Council on Foreign Relations, 71(4), 99-119. Liang, L. A., Watkins, N. M., & Williams, V. S (2013). A step toward global awareness: An examination of USBBY outstanding international books for the primary grades. Journal of Children’s Literature, 39(1), 16-24. Lorber, J. (1994). The social construction of gender. In D. B. Grusky, & S. Szelenyi (Ed.), The inequality reader: Contemporary and foundation reading in race, class, and gender (pp. 276-283). Boulder, CO: Westview Press. May, Bingham, & Pendergast (2014). Culturally and linguistically interactive readalouds. Multicultural Perspectives, 16(4), 210-18. May, V. M. (2015). Pursuing intersectionality, unsettling dominant imaginaries. New York, NY: Routledge. Mendoza, J, & Reese, D. (2001). Examining multicultural picture books for the early childhood classroom: Possibilities and pitfalls. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 3(2), 155-169. Middle East Outreach Council (2018). Retrieved from http://www.meoc.us/book-awards/winners-of-the-2017-middle-east-book-award. Miller, B. J. F. (1998). What color is gold? Twenty-one years od same-race authors and protagonists in the Newbery Medal. Journal of Youth Services in Libraries, 12(1), 34-39. Naidoo, J. C. (2012). Rainbow family collection: Selecting and using children’s books with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer content. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited. Nodelman, P. & Reimer, M (2002), The pleasures of children’s literature. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Nodelman, P. (1992). Orientalism, colonialism, and children’s literature. Children’s Literature Association Quarterly, 17(1), 29-35. Pew Research Center (April 17, 2018). Muslims in America: Immigrants and those born in the U.S. see life differently in many ways. Retrieved from https://www.pewforum.org/essay/muslims-in-america-immigrants-and-those-born-in-u-s-see-life-differently-in-many-ways/ Rawson, C. H. (2011). Are all lists created equal?: Diversity in award-winning and bestselling young adult fiction. Journal of Research in Libraries and Young Adults, 1(3). Retireved from http://www.yalsa.ala.org/jrlya/2011/06/are-all-lists-created-equal-diversity-in-award-winning-and-bestselling-young-adult-fiction/ Rawson, C. H. (2011). Are all lists created equal?: Diversity in award-winning and bestselling young adult fiction. Journal of Research in Libraries and Young Adults, 1(3). Retireved from http://www.yalsa.ala.org/jrlya/2011/06/are-all-lists-created-equal-diversity-in-award-winning-and-bestselling-young-adult-fiction/ Reese, D. (2000). Contesting ideology in children’s book reviewing. SAIL, 12(1), 37-55. Short, K. G., & Fox, D. L. (2013). The complexity of cultural authenticity in children’s literature: Why the debates really matter. In D. L. Fox, K. G. Shorty (Eds.), Stories matter: The complexity of cultural authenticity in children’s literature (pp.3-25). Urbana, IL, National Council of Teacher Education. Stokes, B. (February 1, 2017). Birthright nationality. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2017/02/01/birthright-nationality/ Taxel, J. (2011). The economics of children’s book publishing in the 21st century. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso, & C. A. Jenkins. Handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature. New York, NY: Routledge. Trousdale, A. (2005). Intersections of spirituality, religion and gender in children’s literature. International Journal of Children's Spirituality, 10(1), 61-79. Valadez, C., Sutterby, S. M., & Donaldson, T. F. (2013). Content analysis of Latino award-winning children’s literature. In N. Zunker, Preparing effective teachers for tomorrow’s schools. Corpus Christi, TX: Ceder. Wang, H. L. (March 26, 2018). 2020 Census will reinstate question on citizenship statues. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2018/03/26/597188221/2020-census-will-reinstate-question-on-citizenship-status West, C., & Zimmerman, D. H. (1987). Doing gender. Gender & Society, 1 (125), 125-151. Yokota, J. (2011). Awards in literature for children and adolescents. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso & A. Jenkins (Eds.), The handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature (pp. 467-478). New York, NY: Routledge. Yokota, J. (2011). Awards in literature for children and adolescents. In S. A. Wolf, K. Coats, P. Enciso & A. Jenkins (Eds.), The handbook of research on children’s and young adult literature (pp. 467-478). New York, NY: Routledge. Children’s Literature Cited Addasi M., & Gannon, N. (2010). Time to pray. Honesdale, PA: Boyds Mills Press. Baker, J. (2010). Mirror. Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press. Coulter, L., & Newbigging, M. (2010). Kings and carpenters: One hundred Bible land jobs you might have praised or panned. Toronto, CA: Annick Press. Haskins, J., Benson, K., & Zaman, F. (2007). Count your way through Iran. Brookfield, CT: Millbrook Press. Henderson, K., & Ray, J. (2006). Lugalbanda, the boy who got caught up in a war. Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press. Khan, H. (2012). Golden domes and silver lanterns: A Muslim book of colors. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books. Lumbard, A. Y. (2015). When the animals saved the earth: An eco-fable. Bloomington, IN: Wisdom Tales. Mobin-Uddin, A., & Jacobsen, L. (2007). The best Eid ever. Honesdale, PA: Boyds Mills Press. Smith, S., & Fronty, A. (2007). One city, two brothers. Cambridge, MA: Barefoot Books. Ural, S. (2012). Folktales from Turkey: From Agri to Zelve. Istanbul, Turkey: Citlembik Press
There are 1 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Creative Arts and Writing |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | No |
| Publication Date | October 10, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 |
International Journal of Children's Literature and Education Researches