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Kapitalizmin Sözde Ölümü: Paylaşım Ekonomisine Eleştirel Bir Bakış

Year 2021, Issue: 5, 92 - 121, 28.12.2021

Burak Yaprak Sertaç Ercan

Abstract

İnternet teknolojilerinde yaşanan devrimler, kullanıcılara artık dijital mecralarda yer alan içerikleri tüketmekten daha fazlasını vaad etmektedir. Web 1.0 olarak adlandırılan internetin ilk dönemlerinde, kullanıcılar dijital mecralarda yer alan içerikleri yalnızca görüntüleyebilirken Web 2.0 ve sonrasında dijital içeriklerin oluşturulması süreçlerine internet erişimine sahip tüm bireyler dahil olmaktadır. İnternet bağlantılarını birer sosyal ağ aracına dönüştüren kullanıcılar, kendilerine ait görsel veya işitsel bir ögeyi, fikirlerini ve hatta metaları birbirleriyle paylaşmaya başlamışlardır.

Sosyal ağ platformlarında fotoğraflarla başlayan bu paylaşma fikri, kullanıcılara finansal ya da sosyal fayda sağlayabilecek ve birçok farklı metanın paylaşılabileceği bir ekosistem haline gelmiştir. Paylaşım ekonomisi olarak adlandırılan bu ekosistemde, merkezileşmiş aracı kuruluşlar olmaksızın birbirine denk kişiler, atıl vaziyetteki kaynaklarını birbirleriyle paylaşarak sürdürülebilirliğe katkı sağladıklarına inanmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında ise ilkin paylaşım ekonomisinin kavramsal kökenleri incelenmekte, uygulama alanları örneklendirilerek açıklanmakta ve paylaşım ekonomisinin işlerliğine ilişkin sorular eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla cevaplanmaya çalışılmaktadır. Sonuç olarak paylaşım ekonomisinin toplumsal refah ve adalet için sihirli bir araç olmadığı, hatta kapitalizmin gelişimi için kullanışlı bir yönteme dönüştüğünün altı çizilmektedir.

Keywords

Kapitalizm İşbirlikçi Ekonomi Paylaşım Ekonomisi Mülkiyetsizlik

References

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Year 2021, Issue: 5, 92 - 121, 28.12.2021

Burak Yaprak Sertaç Ercan

Abstract

References

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  • Aguinis, H. ve Lawal, S. O. (2013). eLancing: A review and research agenda for bridging the science–practice gap. Human Resource Management Review, 23(1), 6–17.
  • Alan, G. (2020). UNESCO: 826 milyon öğrencinin evinde bilgisayar yok. https://tr.euronews.com/2020/04/21/unesco-826-milyon-ogrencinin-evinde-bilgisayar-yok
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  • Arvidsson, A. (2018). Value and virtue in the sharing economy. Sociological Review, 66(2), 289–301.
  • Aytun, C., Akin, C. S. ve Algan, N. (2017). Gelişen ülkelerde çevresel bozulma, gelir ve enerji tüketimi ilişkisi. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 1-11.
  • Bardhi, F. ve Eckhardt, G. M. (2012). Access-based consumption: The case of car sharing. Journal of Consumer Research, 39(4), 881–898.
  • Başaran Sarı, H. (2021). Dünya: https://www.dunya.com/ekonomi/paylasimin-en-hizli-ulkesi-turkiye-oldu-haberi-320562
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  • Belk, R. (2010). Sharing. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(5), 715–734.
  • Belk, R. (2014). You are what you can access: Sharing and collaborative consumption online. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1595-1600.
  • Benkler, Y. (2004). “Sharing nicely: On shareable goods and the emergence of sharing as a modality of economic production”. Yale Law Journal, 114(2), 273-358.
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  • Caouette, J. ve Hegarty, L. (2007). An interview with Jonathan Caouette. Projections, 1(2), 17 36.
  • Cockayne, D.G. (2016). Sharing and neoliberal discourse: the economic function of sharing in the digital on-demand economy. Geoforum, 77, 73-82.
  • Deci, E. L. (1971). Effects of externally mediated rewards on intrinsic motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 18(1), 105–115.
  • Demir, E. ve Baykal, F. (2020). Paylaşım ekonomisinin kırsalda yükselişi: Kırsal turizm için fırsatlar ve riskler. International Journal of Contemporary Tourism Research, 4(2), 163-178.
  • Demir, İ. ve Özbuğday, F. C. (2021). Siber güvenlik bağlamında sosyal medya platformları ekonomisi ve endüstriyel organizasyonu. Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi Uluslararası İlişkiler ve Stratejik Araştırmalar Enstitüsü, ULİSA, 12(9).
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  • Edelman, B., Luca, M. ve Svirsky, D. (2017). Racial discrimination in the sharing economy: evidence from a field experiment. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 9(2), 1-22.
  • Frenken, K. ve Schor, J. (2017). Putting the sharing economy into perspective. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 23, 3-10.
  • Frenken, K., Meelen, T., Arets, M. ve van de Glind, P. (2015). Smarter regulation for the sharing economy. The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2015/may/20/smarter-regulation-for-the-sharing-economy
  • Frick, K.; Hauser, M. ve Gürtler, D. (2013). Sharity: The Future of Sharing. GDI Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute, 39.
  • Ganapati, S. ve Reddick, C. G. (2018). Prospects and challenges of sharing economy for the public sector. Government Information Quarterly, 35(1), 77-87.
  • Gansky, L. (2010). The mesh: Why the future of business is sharing. New York: Portfolio Penguin.
  • Geissinger, A., Laurell, C., Öberg, C. ve Sandström, C. (2019). How sustainable is the sharing economy? On the sustainability connotations of sharing economy platforms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 206, 419-429.
  • Guay, F., Chanal, J., Ratelle, C. F., Marsh, H. W., Larose, S. ve Boivin, M. (2010). Intrinsic, identified, and controlled types of motivation for school subjects in young elementary school children. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 80(4), 711–735.
  • Habibi, M.R., Davidson, A. ve Laroche, M. (2017). What managers should know about the sharing economy. Business Horizons, 60(1), 113-121.
  • Hamari, J., Sjöklint, M. ve Ukkonen, A. (2016). The sharing economy: Why people participate in collaborative consumption. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 67(9), 2047-2059.
  • Heinrichs, H. (2013). Sharing economy: a potential new pathway to sustainability. GAIA-Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society, 22(4), 228-231.
  • Heinrichs, H. ve Grunenberg, H. (2013). Sharing economy: Towards a new culture of consumption. Centre for Sustainability Management Luneburg.
  • Hootsuite (2021). https://www.hootsuite.com/
  • Ikkala, T. ve Lampinen, A. (2015). Monetizing network hospitality: Hospitality and sociability in the context of Airbnb. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing, 1033-1044.
  • ITU Publications. (2020). Measuring Digital Development Facts and Figures. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/facts/default.aspx
  • Kahneman, D. (2010). The riddle of experience vs. memory. TED Talks: https://www.ted.com/talks/daniel_kahneman_the_riddle_of_experience_vs_memory
  • Karmann, M. (2012). The rise of collaborative consumption on the example of couchsurfing. GRIN Verlag.
  • Kathan, W., Matzler, K. ve Veider, V. (2016). The sharing economy: your business model’s friend or foe? Business Horizons, 59(6), 663–672.
  • Kelly, K. (2009). Better Than Owning. https://kk.org/thetechnium/better-than-own/
  • Koçak, Y. ve Ulema, Ş. (2020). Paylaşım ekonomisinde yasal sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri: Airbnb örneği. Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(4), 3021-3038.
  • Lamberton, C. P. ve Rose, R. L. (2012). When is ours better than mine? A framework for understanding and altering participation in commercial sharing systems. Journal of Marketing, 76, 109–125.
  • Lawson, S. (2010). Transumers: Motivations of non-ownership consumption. Advances in Consumer Research, 37, 842–843.
  • Lessig, L. (2008). Remix: Making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid Eeconomy. London: Penguin.
  • Mackay, J. ve Sisodia, R. (2013). Conscious capitalism: Liberating the heroic spirit of business. Boston: Havard Business Review Press.
  • Malone, T.W., Yates, J. ve Benjamin, R.I. (1987). Electronic markets and electronic hierarchies. Communications of the ACM, 30(6), 484-497.
  • Martin, C.J. (2016). The sharing economy: A pathway to sustainability or a nightmarish form of neoliberal capitalism?. Ecological Economics, 121, 149-159.
  • Maynard, A. D. (2015). Navigating the fourth industrial revolution. Nature nanotechnology, 10(12), 1005-1006.
  • Merriam-Webster Dictionary. (2021). https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sharing%20economy
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There are 91 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Burak Yaprak 0000-0001-9831-0813

Sertaç Ercan 0000-0003-3896-9194

Publication Date December 28, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 5

Cite

APA Yaprak, B., & Ercan, S. (2021). Kapitalizmin Sözde Ölümü: Paylaşım Ekonomisine Eleştirel Bir Bakış. Düşünce Ve Toplum Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(5), 92-121.
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