Abstract
Dış ticaret ve dış ticaret politikalarının ülke ekonomileri üzerindeki etkisi giderek artmaktadır. Ülkeler ihracatlarını artırmak amacıyla ihracat kredi kuruluşlarını desteklemekte ve ihracat kredi kuruluşları aracılığıyla ihracatçılara ve yatırımcılara yönelik kredi, garanti ve sigorta programları sunmaktadırlar. Alıcı kredisi garanti ve sigorta programları bu kapsamda çalışmada incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı, alıcı kredisi garanti ve sigorta programlarının tüm yönleriyle analiz edilmesi ve tanımlanmasıdır. Alıcı kredisi garanti ve sigorta programlarının tanımlanması, seçili ülke ihracat kredi kuruluşları esas alınarak garanti ve sigorta programlarının uygulama esaslarının incelenmesi, garanti ve sigorta programları arasındaki farkların tespiti ile programlara ilişkin güncel sayısal verilere ulaşılması çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; garanti ve sigorta programları uygulamada kullanılan yeni ürünler olmasına rağmen alıcıların finansman ihtiyacını karşılayarak ihracatı artırmada önemli bir işlevi yerine getirmektedir. Bu kapsamda bankalara yönelik uygulanan alıcı kredisi garanti ve sigorta programlarının yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.
Keywords
Alıcı Kredisi Garanti Programı Alıcı Kredisi Sigorta Programı İhracat İhracat Kredi Kuruluşu Türk Eximbank
References
- ATRADIUS. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance Policy. Erişim Adresi: https://atradiusdutchstatebusiness.nl/en/products/buyer-credit-insurance-policy.html
- BERNE UNION. (2020). Berne Union Business Statistics. Erişim Adresi: https://www.berneunion.org/DataReports
- BPIFRANCE. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.bpifrance.com/Export-credit-Agency/Our-products/Credit-insurance/Insurance-for-banks/Buyer-credit-insurance
- CREDENDO. (2020a). Insurance of Buyer Credit. Erişim Adresi: https://www.credendo.com/_webdata/product_downloads/insurance-buyer-credits_en.pdf
- CREDENDO. (2020b). Country Risk Data. Erişim Adresi: https://www.credendo.com/country-risk/senegal#
- DINH, T.Q. and HILMARSSON, H.T. (2014). What are the economic justifications for the existence of export credit agencies and how can they facilitate cross border trade to emerging market economies?. Regional Formation and Developments Studies, 1(6), pp. 15-24.
- DÜNYA BANKASI. (2020). Dünya Bankası Kalkınma Göstergeleri. Erişim Adresi:https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
- ECGC. (2020). Buyer’s Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ecgc.in/english/buyers-credit-cover/
- EKF. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://ekf.dk/en/ekf-s-guarantees/guarantees/buyer-credit-guarantee
- EKN. (2020). Loss on Claim Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ekn.se/globalassets/dokument/faktablad/banker/en/loss-on-claim-guarantee.pdf
- EULER HERMES. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.agaportal.de/en/exportkreditgarantien/grundlagen/finanzkreditdeckung
- EXIAR. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.exiar.ru/en/products/2196/
- FINNVERA. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://www.finnvera.fi/eng/products/export-credit-guarantees/buyer-credit-guarantee
- GIEK. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee-for Export Contracts. Erişim Adresi: https://www.giek.no/buyer-credit-guarantee/
- GRATH, A. (2016). The Handbook of International Trade and Finance. Fourth Edition. Kogan Page. London.
- KRUMMAKER, S. (2020). ‘‘Export Credit Insurance Markets and Demand.’’, Andreas Klasen (ed.) The Handbook of Global Trade Policy. (pp. 536-555), Wiley Blackwell. London.
- K-SURE. (2020). Medium and Long Term Export Credit Insurance (Buyer Credit). Erişim Adresi: https://www.ksure.or.kr/en/product/product_02_03.do
- LİN, C. (2020). Berne Union academic survey: The legal nature of buyer credit insurance and buyer credit guarantee. Berne Union Newslettter. Retrieved from:http://cdn.berneunion.org/assets/Images/BU%20Newsletter%20January%202020.pdf
- MATSUKAWA, T. and HABECK, O. (2007). Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure Financing and Recent Trends and Developments: Trends and Policy Options. No.4. World Bank Press. Washington.
- SACE. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.sacesimest.it/en/solutions/category-detail/product-detail/contract-tied-financing-for-italian-procurement
- SALCIC, Z. (2014). Export Credit Insurance and Guarantees. Palgrave Macmilan. London.
- SERV. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.serv-ch.com/en/products/productfinancing/buyer-credit-insurance/
- STEPHENS, M. (1999). The Changing Role of Export Credit Agencies. IMF Publishing. Washington.
- TÜRK EXIMBANK. (2020). Alıcı Kredi Programları. Erişim Adresi: https://www.eximbank.gov.tr/tr/urun-ve-hizmetlerimiz/alici-kredileri
- UKEF. (2020). Buyer Credit Facility. Erişim Adresi: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/buyer-credit-facility
- US EXIMBANK. (2020). Financial Institution Buyer Credit Export Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.exim.gov/what-we-do/export-credit-insurance/financial-institution buyer
- WONG, K. (1986). Are international trade and factor mobility substitutes?. Journal Of International Economics, 21(1/2), pp:25-44.
- YEŞİLYAPRAK, M. (2019). Bir finansman modeli olarak işletme sermayesi garanti ve sigorta programlarının dış ticarete etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 21(2), ss. 201-226.
Abstract
The effect of foreign trade and foreign trade policies on the economies of the country is gradually increasing. Countries support export credit institutions to increase their exports and offer credit, guarantee and insurance programs for exporters and investors through export credit agencies. Buyer credit guarantee and insurance programs are examined in this context. The aim of the study is to analyze and define all aspects of buyer credit guarantee and insurance programs. The scope of the study is the identification of buyer credit guarantee and insurance programs, examination of the principles of guarantee and insurance programs based on selected country export credit institutions, determination of the differences between guarantee and insurance programs, and accessing current numerical data regarding the programs. According to the research results; Although the guarantee and insurance programs are new products used in practice, they fulfill an important function in increasing exports by meeting the financing needs of the buyers. In this context, it is recommended to extend the buyer credit guarantee and insurance programs for banks.
Keywords
Buyer Credit Guarantee Program Buyer Credit Insurance Program Export Export Credit Agency Turk Eximbank
References
- ATRADIUS. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance Policy. Erişim Adresi: https://atradiusdutchstatebusiness.nl/en/products/buyer-credit-insurance-policy.html
- BERNE UNION. (2020). Berne Union Business Statistics. Erişim Adresi: https://www.berneunion.org/DataReports
- BPIFRANCE. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.bpifrance.com/Export-credit-Agency/Our-products/Credit-insurance/Insurance-for-banks/Buyer-credit-insurance
- CREDENDO. (2020a). Insurance of Buyer Credit. Erişim Adresi: https://www.credendo.com/_webdata/product_downloads/insurance-buyer-credits_en.pdf
- CREDENDO. (2020b). Country Risk Data. Erişim Adresi: https://www.credendo.com/country-risk/senegal#
- DINH, T.Q. and HILMARSSON, H.T. (2014). What are the economic justifications for the existence of export credit agencies and how can they facilitate cross border trade to emerging market economies?. Regional Formation and Developments Studies, 1(6), pp. 15-24.
- DÜNYA BANKASI. (2020). Dünya Bankası Kalkınma Göstergeleri. Erişim Adresi:https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators
- ECGC. (2020). Buyer’s Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ecgc.in/english/buyers-credit-cover/
- EKF. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://ekf.dk/en/ekf-s-guarantees/guarantees/buyer-credit-guarantee
- EKN. (2020). Loss on Claim Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ekn.se/globalassets/dokument/faktablad/banker/en/loss-on-claim-guarantee.pdf
- EULER HERMES. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.agaportal.de/en/exportkreditgarantien/grundlagen/finanzkreditdeckung
- EXIAR. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.exiar.ru/en/products/2196/
- FINNVERA. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee. Erişim Adresi: https://www.finnvera.fi/eng/products/export-credit-guarantees/buyer-credit-guarantee
- GIEK. (2020). Buyer Credit Guarantee-for Export Contracts. Erişim Adresi: https://www.giek.no/buyer-credit-guarantee/
- GRATH, A. (2016). The Handbook of International Trade and Finance. Fourth Edition. Kogan Page. London.
- KRUMMAKER, S. (2020). ‘‘Export Credit Insurance Markets and Demand.’’, Andreas Klasen (ed.) The Handbook of Global Trade Policy. (pp. 536-555), Wiley Blackwell. London.
- K-SURE. (2020). Medium and Long Term Export Credit Insurance (Buyer Credit). Erişim Adresi: https://www.ksure.or.kr/en/product/product_02_03.do
- LİN, C. (2020). Berne Union academic survey: The legal nature of buyer credit insurance and buyer credit guarantee. Berne Union Newslettter. Retrieved from:http://cdn.berneunion.org/assets/Images/BU%20Newsletter%20January%202020.pdf
- MATSUKAWA, T. and HABECK, O. (2007). Review of Risk Mitigation Instruments for Infrastructure Financing and Recent Trends and Developments: Trends and Policy Options. No.4. World Bank Press. Washington.
- SACE. (2020). Buyer Credit Cover. Erişim Adresi: https://www.sacesimest.it/en/solutions/category-detail/product-detail/contract-tied-financing-for-italian-procurement
- SALCIC, Z. (2014). Export Credit Insurance and Guarantees. Palgrave Macmilan. London.
- SERV. (2020). Buyer Credit Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.serv-ch.com/en/products/productfinancing/buyer-credit-insurance/
- STEPHENS, M. (1999). The Changing Role of Export Credit Agencies. IMF Publishing. Washington.
- TÜRK EXIMBANK. (2020). Alıcı Kredi Programları. Erişim Adresi: https://www.eximbank.gov.tr/tr/urun-ve-hizmetlerimiz/alici-kredileri
- UKEF. (2020). Buyer Credit Facility. Erişim Adresi: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/buyer-credit-facility
- US EXIMBANK. (2020). Financial Institution Buyer Credit Export Insurance. Erişim Adresi: https://www.exim.gov/what-we-do/export-credit-insurance/financial-institution buyer
- WONG, K. (1986). Are international trade and factor mobility substitutes?. Journal Of International Economics, 21(1/2), pp:25-44.
- YEŞİLYAPRAK, M. (2019). Bir finansman modeli olarak işletme sermayesi garanti ve sigorta programlarının dış ticarete etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 21(2), ss. 201-226.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Economics |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2020 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 9 Issue: 2 |
