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A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 344 - 356, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1088492

Abstract

Objective: The main purpose of this research was to find out the social media addiction levels of academicians and to reveal whether the scale used is a valid and reliable scale. In addition, it is another aim of the study to determine which variables differ in terms of social media addictions of academics whose social media addiction levels are determined.
Methods: A total of 430 academicians, 199 of whom were females and 231 males, participated in this study. The validity and reliability of the scale were tested by performing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes and reliability analyzes on the data collected from the academicians reached by the online survey method. Then, the differences of the factors, whose validity and reliability were ensured by using parametric techniques, according to demographic variables were examined.
Results: The exploratory factor analysis done on the data collected from academicians reached by online survey method, showed that the scale had four sub-factors called Virtual Tolerance (Slacking), Virtual Interaction, Virtual Communication, and Emotional State. Obtained sub-factors were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and it was seen that the fit indices gave good results. Since the Cronbach's alpha value, which was used to measure the reliability of the scale, was also high, the scale used to measure the social media addiction levels of academicians was found to be valid and reliable. The differences of the factors that were found to be valid and reliable according to demographic variables were examined.
Conclusions: The result of the analysis demonstrated that addiction levels of single academicians were more than that of the married academicians; young or old academicians’ social media addiction levels were more than that of middle-aged academicians. Clearly, this study revealed that as the academic title increases, social media addiction levels of academicians decreases.

References

  • 1. Riva G, Wiederhold BK, Cipresso P. 1. Psychology of social media: from technology to identity. In the Psychology of Social Networking. 2015;1:4-14.
  • 2. Sümen A, Evgin D. Social media addiction in high school students: a cross-sectional study examining its relationship with sleep quality and psychological problems. Child Indicators Research. 2021;14(6):2265-2283.
  • 3. Haand R, Shuwang Z. The relationship between social media addiction and depression: a quantitative study among university students in Khost, Afghanistan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. 2020;25(1):780-786.
  • 4. Siyez MD, Uz Baş A. Internet addiction and psychosocial factors. M. Kalkan, C. Kaygusuz (Eds.), Internet Addiction (pp.115-149). Ankara, Turkey: Anı Publishing. 2013.
  • 5. Eroglu RS. Attachment styles and social communication networks in adolescents. M. Kalkan, C. Kaygusuz (Eds.), Internet addiction (pp. 151-162). Ankara, Turkey: Ani Publishing. 2013.
  • 6. Aydin S, Koçak O, Shaw TA, Buber B, Akpinar EZ, Younis MZ. Investigation of the effect of social media addiction on adults with depression. Healthcare. 2021;9(4):450.
  • 7. Han M, Tan XY, Lee R, Lee JK, Mahendran R. Impact of social media on health-related outcomes among older adults in singapore: qualitative study. JMIR aging. 2021;4(1):e23826.
  • 8. Sine R. Alternative media and news. Konya, Turkey: Literaturk. 2017.
  • 9. Koh YW, Tang CSK, Gan YQ. Influences of life stress, anxiety, self-efficacy and social support on social networking addiction among college students in China and the United States. J Addict Recovery. 2018;1009(2):1-8.
  • 10. https://www.acibadem.com.tr/Hayat/Bilgi/social-medyanin-bagimlisi-olmayin Access Date: 05.09.2021.
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  • 12. West R. EMCDDA insights: models of addiction. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxemburg. 2013.
  • 13. Gerhart N. Technology addiction: how social network sites impact our lives. Informing Science. 2017;179-194.
  • 14. Muench F, Hayes M, Kuerbis A, Shao S. The independent relationship between trouble controlling Facebook use, time spent on the site and distress. Journal of Behavioral Addictions. 2015;4(3):163-169.
  • 15. Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review. 1943;50(4):370-396.
  • 16. Sari G. New stars of social media: changing popularity with youtubers. R. Sine & G. Sari (Eds.), New approaches to new media (pp. 277-297). Konya, Turkey: Literatürk. 2018.
  • 17. https://www.guvenliweb.org.tr/dosya/mm1H8 Access Date:12.10.2021.
  • 18. Sahin C, Yagci M. Social media addiction scale- adult form: validity and reliability study. Ahi Evran University Kirsehir Faculty of Education Journal (KEFAD). 2017;18(1):523-538.
  • 19. Akgul A, Cevik O. Statistical analysis techniques. Ankara, Turkey: Emek Ofset. 2003.
  • 20. Hair JF, Tatham RL, Anderson RE, Black W. Multivariate data analysis. New York: PrenticeHall. 1998.
  • 21. Kalaycı S. SPSS applied multivariate statistical techniques. Ankara, Turkey: Asil Publishing. 2010.
  • 22. Nakip M. Marketing research: techniques and SPSS supported applications. Ankara, Turkey: Seçkin Publishing. 2006.
  • 23. Karagoz Y, Mutlu HT, Sagir S, Celil M. Developing a scale for determining factors affecting cargo company selection: the case of sivas. Journal of Economic and Social Research. 2019;15(2).
  • 24. Aslan S. Evaluation of the relationship between academics internet addiction levels and related health problems. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Inonu University Health Sciences Institute. Malatya; 2011.
  • 25. Gezer B, Sevim Y. The effect of internet usage on the professional development of teachers working in secondary education institutions. Eastern Anatolia Regional Studies. 2006;5(1):79-84.

Akademisyenlerin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Saha Araştırması: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması

Year 2022, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 344 - 356, 29.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1088492

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın temel amacı akademisyenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerini ortaya çıkarmak ve kullanılan ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri belirlenen akademisyenlerin bu bağımlılıklar açısından hangi değişkenlerin farklılaştığını belirlemek de çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: 199'u kadın, 231'i erkek olmak üzere toplam 430 akademisyen bu çalışmaya katılmıştır. Çevrimiçi anket yöntemiyle ulaşılan akademisyenlerden toplanan veriler üzerinde açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ile güvenirlik analizleri yapılarak ölçeğin geçerliliği ve güvenirliği test edilmiştir. Daha sonra parametrik teknikler kullanılarak geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanan faktörlerin demografik değişkenlere göre farklılığı incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi, ölçeğin Sanal Tolerans (Gevşeme), Sanal Etkileşim, Sanal İletişim ve Duygusal Durum olmak üzere dört alt faktöre sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Elde edilen alt faktörler doğrulayıcı faktör analizine tabi tutulmuş ve uyum indislerinin iyi sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini ölçmek amacıyla yapılan cronbach’s alfa değeri de yüksek çıktığı için akademisyenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerini ölçmek için kullanılan ölçek geçerli ve güvenilir bulunmuştur. Geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanan faktörlerin demografik değişkenlere göre farklılığı incelenmiştir.
Sonuç: Bekâr akademisyenlerin bağımlılık düzeylerinin evli akademisyenlere göre daha fazla olduğu; genç ve yaşlı akademisyenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerinin ise orta yaşlı akademisyenlere göre daha fazla olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Yapılan bu araştırmada ayrıca akademik unvan arttıkça akademisyenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerinin de düştüğü ortaya konulmuştur.

References

  • 1. Riva G, Wiederhold BK, Cipresso P. 1. Psychology of social media: from technology to identity. In the Psychology of Social Networking. 2015;1:4-14.
  • 2. Sümen A, Evgin D. Social media addiction in high school students: a cross-sectional study examining its relationship with sleep quality and psychological problems. Child Indicators Research. 2021;14(6):2265-2283.
  • 3. Haand R, Shuwang Z. The relationship between social media addiction and depression: a quantitative study among university students in Khost, Afghanistan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. 2020;25(1):780-786.
  • 4. Siyez MD, Uz Baş A. Internet addiction and psychosocial factors. M. Kalkan, C. Kaygusuz (Eds.), Internet Addiction (pp.115-149). Ankara, Turkey: Anı Publishing. 2013.
  • 5. Eroglu RS. Attachment styles and social communication networks in adolescents. M. Kalkan, C. Kaygusuz (Eds.), Internet addiction (pp. 151-162). Ankara, Turkey: Ani Publishing. 2013.
  • 6. Aydin S, Koçak O, Shaw TA, Buber B, Akpinar EZ, Younis MZ. Investigation of the effect of social media addiction on adults with depression. Healthcare. 2021;9(4):450.
  • 7. Han M, Tan XY, Lee R, Lee JK, Mahendran R. Impact of social media on health-related outcomes among older adults in singapore: qualitative study. JMIR aging. 2021;4(1):e23826.
  • 8. Sine R. Alternative media and news. Konya, Turkey: Literaturk. 2017.
  • 9. Koh YW, Tang CSK, Gan YQ. Influences of life stress, anxiety, self-efficacy and social support on social networking addiction among college students in China and the United States. J Addict Recovery. 2018;1009(2):1-8.
  • 10. https://www.acibadem.com.tr/Hayat/Bilgi/social-medyanin-bagimlisi-olmayin Access Date: 05.09.2021.
  • 11. http://www.tdk.gov.tr Access Date: 05.09.2021.
  • 12. West R. EMCDDA insights: models of addiction. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxemburg. 2013.
  • 13. Gerhart N. Technology addiction: how social network sites impact our lives. Informing Science. 2017;179-194.
  • 14. Muench F, Hayes M, Kuerbis A, Shao S. The independent relationship between trouble controlling Facebook use, time spent on the site and distress. Journal of Behavioral Addictions. 2015;4(3):163-169.
  • 15. Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review. 1943;50(4):370-396.
  • 16. Sari G. New stars of social media: changing popularity with youtubers. R. Sine & G. Sari (Eds.), New approaches to new media (pp. 277-297). Konya, Turkey: Literatürk. 2018.
  • 17. https://www.guvenliweb.org.tr/dosya/mm1H8 Access Date:12.10.2021.
  • 18. Sahin C, Yagci M. Social media addiction scale- adult form: validity and reliability study. Ahi Evran University Kirsehir Faculty of Education Journal (KEFAD). 2017;18(1):523-538.
  • 19. Akgul A, Cevik O. Statistical analysis techniques. Ankara, Turkey: Emek Ofset. 2003.
  • 20. Hair JF, Tatham RL, Anderson RE, Black W. Multivariate data analysis. New York: PrenticeHall. 1998.
  • 21. Kalaycı S. SPSS applied multivariate statistical techniques. Ankara, Turkey: Asil Publishing. 2010.
  • 22. Nakip M. Marketing research: techniques and SPSS supported applications. Ankara, Turkey: Seçkin Publishing. 2006.
  • 23. Karagoz Y, Mutlu HT, Sagir S, Celil M. Developing a scale for determining factors affecting cargo company selection: the case of sivas. Journal of Economic and Social Research. 2019;15(2).
  • 24. Aslan S. Evaluation of the relationship between academics internet addiction levels and related health problems. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Inonu University Health Sciences Institute. Malatya; 2011.
  • 25. Gezer B, Sevim Y. The effect of internet usage on the professional development of teachers working in secondary education institutions. Eastern Anatolia Regional Studies. 2006;5(1):79-84.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hakan Tahiri Mutlu 0000-0002-8964-2696

Rengim Sine Nazlı 0000-0002-8776-8922

Gülşah Sarı 0000-0001-6590-6530

Publication Date June 29, 2022
Acceptance Date June 1, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mutlu, H. T., Sine Nazlı, R., & Sarı, G. (2022). A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study. Konuralp Medical Journal, 14(2), 344-356. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1088492
AMA Mutlu HT, Sine Nazlı R, Sarı G. A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study. Konuralp Medical Journal. June 2022;14(2):344-356. doi:10.18521/ktd.1088492
Chicago Mutlu, Hakan Tahiri, Rengim Sine Nazlı, and Gülşah Sarı. “A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14, no. 2 (June 2022): 344-56. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1088492.
EndNote Mutlu HT, Sine Nazlı R, Sarı G (June 1, 2022) A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study. Konuralp Medical Journal 14 2 344–356.
IEEE H. T. Mutlu, R. Sine Nazlı, and G. Sarı, “A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 344–356, 2022, doi: 10.18521/ktd.1088492.
ISNAD Mutlu, Hakan Tahiri et al. “A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study”. Konuralp Medical Journal 14/2 (June 2022), 344-356. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.1088492.
JAMA Mutlu HT, Sine Nazlı R, Sarı G. A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14:344–356.
MLA Mutlu, Hakan Tahiri et al. “A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 2022, pp. 344-56, doi:10.18521/ktd.1088492.
Vancouver Mutlu HT, Sine Nazlı R, Sarı G. A Field Study on Determining the Social Media Addiction Levels of Academicians: Validity and Reliability Study. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2022;14(2):344-56.