EXPORT VALUE ADDED and IMPORT DEPENDENCY in MIDDLE EAST and NORTH AFRICA (MENA) ECONOMIES: INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS
Abstract
Export is an important component of economies in the global economy. Similarly, export constitutes an important dynamic for economic growth. In the context of foreign trade, MENA countries also constitute an important component of the global economy. For this purpose, in this study, the contribution of export value added, and sectoral export value added to the economy has been analysed for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) economies. Besides, import dependency of intermediate input in sectoral production activities has been analysed for these economies. In the study, input-output models were used making use of the input-output tables in the OECD database. According to the findings obtained as a result of the input-output analysis the contribution of export value added to the economy varies between 25-50%. In this context, the contribution of export value added to the economy is calculated as 50% in Saudi Arabia, %30 in Tunisia and 24% in Israel and Morocco. The contribution of sectoral export value added to the economy varies in these economies. Also, in these economies, the import dependency of intermediate input is high in the manufacturing industry.
Keywords
International Economics MENA Countries Export Value Added Import Dependency Input-Output Analysis
References
- Akyüz, Y. (2011). Export Dependence and Sustainability of Growth in China. China & World Economy, 19(1), 1-23.
- Ambroziak, L. (2016). Polish Foreign Trade: An Analysing Using Value Added Statistics. International Business and Global Economy , 35(1), 265-278.
- Aydoğuş, O. (2015). Girdi-çıktı Modellerine Giriş. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
- Bravo, A. C., & Alvarez, T. M. (2012). The Import Content of The Industrial Sectors in Spain. Economic Bulletien, 81, 81-92.
- Duman, A., & Özgüzer, G. E. (2013). An Input-Output Analysis of Rising Imports in Turkey. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 23(84), 39-54.
- Felipe, J., & Joseph Lim. (2005). Export or Deomestic-Led Frowth in Asia? ERD Working Paper No: 69. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
- Foster, N., Stehrer, R., & Vries, G. d. (2011). Tarde in Value Added and Factors: A Comprehensive Approach. Economic Studies. Austri/Netherlands: The Vienna Institute for International/University of Groningen.
- Goldar, B., Das, D. K., Sengupta, S., & Das, P. C. (2017). Domestic Value Addition and Foreign Content: An Analysis of India's Exports from 1995-2011. Working Paper No.332. India: Indian Council For Research on International Economic Relations.
- Haider, A. (2018). The Multiplier Effects of Manufactuirng Consupmtion. Department of Policy, Research and Statistics Working Paper 10/2018. Vienna: United Nations Industrial development Organization (UNIDO).
- Johnson, R. C. (2014). Five Facts About Value- Added Exports and Implications For Macroeconomics and Trade Research . Jourbal of Economic Perspective , 28(2), 119-142.
- Khatib, H. (2014). Oil and Natural Gas Prospects: Middle East and North Africa. Energy Policy, 64, 71-77.
- Leontief, W. (1986). Input-Output Economics (2 b.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Los, B., Timmer, M. P., & Vries, G. J. (2015). How Important are Exports for Jop Growth in China? A Demand Side Analysis. Journal of Comparative Economics, 43, 19-32.
- Marconi, N., Reis, C. f., & Araujo, E. C. (2016). Manufacturing and Economic Development: The Actually of Kaldor's First and Second Laws. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 37, 75-89.
- Miller, R. E., & Blair, P. D. (2009). Input-Output Analysis Foundation and Extensions (2 b.). United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
- OECD. (2018). OECD. Input-Output Tables (IOTs): https://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/input-outputtables.htm adresinden alındı
- Prema-Athukorala, & Patunru, A. A. (2019). Domestic Value Added, Exports, and Employment: An Input-Output analysis of Indonesian Manufacturing. ERIA Discussion Paper Series No.292. Indonesia: ERIA.
- Reis, H., & Rau, A. (2009). An Input-Output Analysis: Linkages Versus Leakages. International Economic Journal, 23(4), 527-544.
- Rohman, I. K. (2012). The Globalization and Stagnation of The ICT Sectors in European Countries: An Input-Output Analysis. Telecommunications Policy, 37, 387-399.
- Thirlwall, A. P. (1983). Growth and Development with Special Reference to Developing Economies. London: Macmillan Education Ltd.
- Timmer, M. P., Detzenbacher, E., Los, B., Stehrer, R., & Vries, G. J. (2015). An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production. Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605.
- Vrh, N. (2017). The Convergence in Domestic Value Added of Exports in the EU. Post-Communist Economies, 29(3), 405-430.
- Wong, H.-T. (2008). Exports and Domestic Demand: Some Empirical Evidence in Asean-5. Labuan Bulletin of International Business & Finance, 6, 39-55.
- Xikang, C., Chen, L. K., Lau, L. J., Sung, Y.-W., Zhu, K., Yang, c., Duan, Y. (2012). Domestic Value Added and Employment Generated by Chinese Exports: A Quantitive Estimation. China Economic Review, 23, 850-864.
ORTA DOĞU ve KUZEY AFRİKA (MENA) EKONOMİLERİNDE İHRACAT KATMA DEĞERİ VE İTHALAT BAĞIMLILIĞI: GİRDİ- ÇIKTI ANALİZİ
Abstract
Küresel ekonomide ihracat, ekonomilerin önemli bir bileşenidir. Aynı şekilde ihracat, ekonomik büyüme için önemli bir dinamik oluşturmaktadır. Dış ticaret bağlamında, Orta doğu ve Kuzey Afrika (MENA) ülkeleri de küresel ekonominin önemli bir bileşenini oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaçla çalışmada MENA ekonomilerinde ihracat katma değerinin ve sektörel ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu ekonomilerde sektörel üretim faaliyetlerinde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı incelenmiştir. Çalışmada OECD veri tabanında yer alan girdi-çıktı tablolarından yararlanarak girdi-çıktı modelleri kullanılmıştır. Girdi-Çıktı analizleri sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı %25-50 arasında değişkenlik göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı Suudi Arabistan’da %50, Tunus’ta %30, İsrail ve Fas’ta ise %24 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sektörel ihracat katma değerinin ekonomiye katkısı ise farklılık göstermektedir. MENA ülkelerine yönelik ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı için yapılan analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, bu ülkelerde ithal ara girdi bağımlılığı en yüksek olan sektörlerin genel olarak imalat sanayi alt sektörleri olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Keywords
Uluslararası iktisat MENA Ülkeleri İhracat Katma Değeri İthalat Bağımlılığı Girdi-Çıktı Analizi
References
- Akyüz, Y. (2011). Export Dependence and Sustainability of Growth in China. China & World Economy, 19(1), 1-23.
- Ambroziak, L. (2016). Polish Foreign Trade: An Analysing Using Value Added Statistics. International Business and Global Economy , 35(1), 265-278.
- Aydoğuş, O. (2015). Girdi-çıktı Modellerine Giriş. Ankara: Efil Yayınevi.
- Bravo, A. C., & Alvarez, T. M. (2012). The Import Content of The Industrial Sectors in Spain. Economic Bulletien, 81, 81-92.
- Duman, A., & Özgüzer, G. E. (2013). An Input-Output Analysis of Rising Imports in Turkey. Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 23(84), 39-54.
- Felipe, J., & Joseph Lim. (2005). Export or Deomestic-Led Frowth in Asia? ERD Working Paper No: 69. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.
- Foster, N., Stehrer, R., & Vries, G. d. (2011). Tarde in Value Added and Factors: A Comprehensive Approach. Economic Studies. Austri/Netherlands: The Vienna Institute for International/University of Groningen.
- Goldar, B., Das, D. K., Sengupta, S., & Das, P. C. (2017). Domestic Value Addition and Foreign Content: An Analysis of India's Exports from 1995-2011. Working Paper No.332. India: Indian Council For Research on International Economic Relations.
- Haider, A. (2018). The Multiplier Effects of Manufactuirng Consupmtion. Department of Policy, Research and Statistics Working Paper 10/2018. Vienna: United Nations Industrial development Organization (UNIDO).
- Johnson, R. C. (2014). Five Facts About Value- Added Exports and Implications For Macroeconomics and Trade Research . Jourbal of Economic Perspective , 28(2), 119-142.
- Khatib, H. (2014). Oil and Natural Gas Prospects: Middle East and North Africa. Energy Policy, 64, 71-77.
- Leontief, W. (1986). Input-Output Economics (2 b.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Los, B., Timmer, M. P., & Vries, G. J. (2015). How Important are Exports for Jop Growth in China? A Demand Side Analysis. Journal of Comparative Economics, 43, 19-32.
- Marconi, N., Reis, C. f., & Araujo, E. C. (2016). Manufacturing and Economic Development: The Actually of Kaldor's First and Second Laws. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 37, 75-89.
- Miller, R. E., & Blair, P. D. (2009). Input-Output Analysis Foundation and Extensions (2 b.). United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
- OECD. (2018). OECD. Input-Output Tables (IOTs): https://www.oecd.org/sti/ind/input-outputtables.htm adresinden alındı
- Prema-Athukorala, & Patunru, A. A. (2019). Domestic Value Added, Exports, and Employment: An Input-Output analysis of Indonesian Manufacturing. ERIA Discussion Paper Series No.292. Indonesia: ERIA.
- Reis, H., & Rau, A. (2009). An Input-Output Analysis: Linkages Versus Leakages. International Economic Journal, 23(4), 527-544.
- Rohman, I. K. (2012). The Globalization and Stagnation of The ICT Sectors in European Countries: An Input-Output Analysis. Telecommunications Policy, 37, 387-399.
- Thirlwall, A. P. (1983). Growth and Development with Special Reference to Developing Economies. London: Macmillan Education Ltd.
- Timmer, M. P., Detzenbacher, E., Los, B., Stehrer, R., & Vries, G. J. (2015). An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database: the Case of Global Automotive Production. Review of International Economics, 23(3), 575-605.
- Vrh, N. (2017). The Convergence in Domestic Value Added of Exports in the EU. Post-Communist Economies, 29(3), 405-430.
- Wong, H.-T. (2008). Exports and Domestic Demand: Some Empirical Evidence in Asean-5. Labuan Bulletin of International Business & Finance, 6, 39-55.
- Xikang, C., Chen, L. K., Lau, L. J., Sung, Y.-W., Zhu, K., Yang, c., Duan, Y. (2012). Domestic Value Added and Employment Generated by Chinese Exports: A Quantitive Estimation. China Economic Review, 23, 850-864.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Economics |
| Journal Section | ARAŞTIRMA MAKALELERİ |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 30, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 |
