Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

PERCEIVED MOTIVATIONAL CLIMATE AS THE PREDICTOR OF GOAL ORIENTATION: A RESEARCH ON WRESTLERS

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 71 - 80, 30.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.858167

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to determine the dispositional goal orientations and perceived motivational climate of wrestlers, to reveal the relationship between goal orientation and motivational climate, and to compare these structures according to national/international status. The research was designed in descriptive and associational research model. A total of 106 wrestlers participated in the study voluntarily. The “Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire” and the “Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire” were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics techniques were employed in the analysis of the data obtained. Results showed that the wrestlers were task-oriented regarding goal orientation, and they perceived the motivational climate based on mastery climate. Besides, significant relationships were found between goal orientation and perceived motivational climate. The strongest relationship was observed between ego orientation and performance climate, and between task orientation and mastery climate. In addition, while the performance climate is a significant predictor of ego orientation, mastery climate is a significant predictor of task orientation. Furthermore, goal orientation dispositions and perceived motivational climates did not differ significantly with regard to national/international status. In conclusion, perception of motivational climate may affect the differentiation of dispositional goal orientation, and motivation can be better understood by the process and achievement context rather than situational factors.

References

  • Altıntaş, A. (2010). Sporcuların hedef yönelimleri, algılanan güdüsel iklimleri ve algılanan fiziksel yeterliklerinin cinsiyete ve deneyim düzeyine göre karşılaştırılması. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • Duda, J. L. (1992). Motivation in sport settings: A goal perspective approach. In G.c. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 57-91). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Duda, J. L. (1993). Goals: A social-cognitive approach to the study of achievement motivation in sport. In R.N. Singer, M. Murphey, & L.K Tennant (Eds.). Handbook of research on sport psychology (pp. 421-436). New York: Macmillan.
  • Duda, J. L. (2001). Achievement goal research in sport: Pushing the boundaries and clarifying some misunderstandings. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 129–182). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Duda, J. L., Hall, H. (2001). Achievement goal theory in sport: Recent extensions and future directions. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (2nd ed., pp. 417–443). New York: Wiley.
  • Duda, J. L., Whitehead, J. (1998). Measurement of goal perspectives in the physical domain. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (pp. 21–48). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technologies.
  • Erkuş, A. (2011). Davranış bilimleri için bilimsel araştırma süreci. Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Ford, M. E. (1992). Motivating humans: Goals, emotions, and personal agency beliefs. Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Frey, B. S., Jegen, R. (2001). Motivation crowding theory. Journal of Economic Surveys, 15(5), 589-611.
  • Gencer, E. (2012). Goal orientatıon, motivational climate and self-esteem in boxers. TOJRAS: The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport. 1(1), 17-30.
  • Gencer, E., İlhan, E. L. (2012). Goal orientation and motivational climate in badminton athletes. TOJRAS: The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport. 1(2), 24-33.
  • Gencer, E., Öztürk, A. (2018). Goal orientation and motivational climate in university student-athletes. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(4), 290-294.
  • Jagacinski, C. M., Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Conceptions of ability and related affects in task involvement and ego involvement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(5), 909-919.
  • Maehr, M. L., Braskamp, L. A. (1986). The motivation factor: A theory of personal investment. Lexington Books/D.C. Heath and Com.
  • Maehr, M. L., Nicholls, J. G. (1980). Culture and achievement motivation: A second look. In N. Warren (Ed.), Studies in cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 221–267). New York: Academic Press.
  • Moran, A. (2004). Sport and exercise psychology: A critical introduction. Routledge.
  • Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. Psychological Review, 91(3), 328-346.
  • Nicholls, J. G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
  • Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Roberts, G. C. (1984). Achievement motivation in children’s sport. In J. Nicholls (Ed.), The development of achievement motivation (pp. 251–281). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
  • Roberts, G. C. (1992). Motivation in sport and exercise: Conceptual constraints and convergence. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 3–29), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Roberts, G. C. (2001). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in physical activity: The influence of achievement goals on motivational processes. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in exercise and sport (pp. 1–50). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Balague, G. (1998). Achievement goals in sport: The development and validation of the perception of success questionnaire. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(4), 337-347.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Conroy, D. E. (2007). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in sport and physical activity: An achievement goal interpretation. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (p. 3–30). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Kavussanu, M. (1997). Motivation in physical activity contexts: An achievement goal perspective. In P. Pintrich & M. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement (Vol. 10, pp. 413–447). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
  • Spink, K. S., Roberts, G. C. (1980). Ambiguity of outcome and causal attributions. Journal of Sport Psychology, 2(3), 237–244.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
  • Toros, T. (2001). Elit ve elit olmayan erkek basketbolcularda hedef yönelimi, güdüsel iklim ve hedeflerin özgünlük güçlük derecesi özelliklerinin yaşam doyumuna etkisi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Mersin.
  • Toros, T., Koruç, Z. (2005). Hedef yönelimleri ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki (Liseli erkek voleybolcular üzerine bir çalışma). Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(3), 135-145.
  • Üngür, G. (2009). Amatör ve profesyonel futbolcularda hedef yönelimi ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sporda Psiko-Sosyal Alanlar Anabilim Dalı, İzmir.
  • Walling, M. D., Duda, J. L., Chi, L. (1993). The perceived motivational climate in sport questionnaire: Construct and predictive validity. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15(2), 172-183.

HEDEF YÖNELİMİNİN YORDAYICISI OLARAK ALGILANAN MOTİVASYONEL İKLİM: GÜREŞÇİLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 71 - 80, 30.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.858167

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı güreşçilerin motivasyonlarının daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için hedef yönelimlerini ve algıladıkları motivasyonel iklimi belirlemek, hedef yönelimi ile motivasyonel iklim algısı arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak ve bu yapıları milli olma durumuna göre karşılaştırmaktır. Çalışma betimsel ve ilişkisel araştırma modeliyle desenlenmiştir. Araştırmaya 106 güreşçi gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak “Sporda Görev ve Ego Yönelim Ölçeği” ve “Sporda Algılanan Motivasyonel İklim Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik ve çıkarımsal istatistik tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçlar güreşçilerin hedef yönelimi bakımından görev yönelim eğilimli olduklarını ve motivasyonel iklimi ustalık iklim temelli algıladıklarını göstermiştir. Hedef yönelimi ile algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasında anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. En kuvvetli ilişkiler ego yönelimi ile performans iklimi ve görev yönelimi ile ustalık iklimi arasında gözlenmiştir. Bunun yanında performans ikliminin ego yöneliminin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı ve ustalık ikliminin de görev yöneliminin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca milli olan ve milli olmayan güreşçilerin hedef yönelim eğilimleri ile motivasyonel iklim algıları anlamlı düzeyde farklılık göstermemiştir. Sonuç olarak, algılanan motivasyonel iklim, hedef yönelim eğilimlerinin farklılaşmasında etkili olabilir ve motivasyon durumsal faktörlerden ziyade, süreç ve içinde bulunulan ortamda daha iyi anlaşılabilir.

References

  • Altıntaş, A. (2010). Sporcuların hedef yönelimleri, algılanan güdüsel iklimleri ve algılanan fiziksel yeterliklerinin cinsiyete ve deneyim düzeyine göre karşılaştırılması. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans tezi. Ankara Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2015). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara, Pegem Akademi.
  • Duda, J. L. (1992). Motivation in sport settings: A goal perspective approach. In G.c. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 57-91). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Duda, J. L. (1993). Goals: A social-cognitive approach to the study of achievement motivation in sport. In R.N. Singer, M. Murphey, & L.K Tennant (Eds.). Handbook of research on sport psychology (pp. 421-436). New York: Macmillan.
  • Duda, J. L. (2001). Achievement goal research in sport: Pushing the boundaries and clarifying some misunderstandings. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 129–182). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Duda, J. L., Hall, H. (2001). Achievement goal theory in sport: Recent extensions and future directions. In R. N. Singer, H. A. Hausenblas, & C. M. Janelle (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (2nd ed., pp. 417–443). New York: Wiley.
  • Duda, J. L., Whitehead, J. (1998). Measurement of goal perspectives in the physical domain. In J. L. Duda (Ed.), Advances in sport and exercise psychology measurement (pp. 21–48). Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technologies.
  • Erkuş, A. (2011). Davranış bilimleri için bilimsel araştırma süreci. Ankara, Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Ford, M. E. (1992). Motivating humans: Goals, emotions, and personal agency beliefs. Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Frey, B. S., Jegen, R. (2001). Motivation crowding theory. Journal of Economic Surveys, 15(5), 589-611.
  • Gencer, E. (2012). Goal orientatıon, motivational climate and self-esteem in boxers. TOJRAS: The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport. 1(1), 17-30.
  • Gencer, E., İlhan, E. L. (2012). Goal orientation and motivational climate in badminton athletes. TOJRAS: The Online Journal of Recreation and Sport. 1(2), 24-33.
  • Gencer, E., Öztürk, A. (2018). Goal orientation and motivational climate in university student-athletes. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 4(4), 290-294.
  • Jagacinski, C. M., Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Conceptions of ability and related affects in task involvement and ego involvement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(5), 909-919.
  • Maehr, M. L., Braskamp, L. A. (1986). The motivation factor: A theory of personal investment. Lexington Books/D.C. Heath and Com.
  • Maehr, M. L., Nicholls, J. G. (1980). Culture and achievement motivation: A second look. In N. Warren (Ed.), Studies in cross-cultural psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 221–267). New York: Academic Press.
  • Moran, A. (2004). Sport and exercise psychology: A critical introduction. Routledge.
  • Nicholls, J. G. (1984). Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. Psychological Review, 91(3), 328-346.
  • Nicholls, J. G. (1989). The competitive ethos and democratic education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67.
  • Ryan, R. M., Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. New York: Guilford Publications.
  • Roberts, G. C. (1984). Achievement motivation in children’s sport. In J. Nicholls (Ed.), The development of achievement motivation (pp. 251–281). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
  • Roberts, G. C. (1992). Motivation in sport and exercise: Conceptual constraints and convergence. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Motivation in sport and exercise (pp. 3–29), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Roberts, G. C. (2001). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in physical activity: The influence of achievement goals on motivational processes. In G. C. Roberts (Ed.), Advances in motivation in exercise and sport (pp. 1–50). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Balague, G. (1998). Achievement goals in sport: The development and validation of the perception of success questionnaire. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(4), 337-347.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Conroy, D. E. (2007). Understanding the dynamics of motivation in sport and physical activity: An achievement goal interpretation. In G. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (p. 3–30). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Roberts, G. C., Treasure, D. C., Kavussanu, M. (1997). Motivation in physical activity contexts: An achievement goal perspective. In P. Pintrich & M. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement (Vol. 10, pp. 413–447). Stamford, CT: JAI Press.
  • Spink, K. S., Roberts, G. C. (1980). Ambiguity of outcome and causal attributions. Journal of Sport Psychology, 2(3), 237–244.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson.
  • Toros, T. (2001). Elit ve elit olmayan erkek basketbolcularda hedef yönelimi, güdüsel iklim ve hedeflerin özgünlük güçlük derecesi özelliklerinin yaşam doyumuna etkisi. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı, Mersin.
  • Toros, T., Koruç, Z. (2005). Hedef yönelimleri ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki (Liseli erkek voleybolcular üzerine bir çalışma). Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(3), 135-145.
  • Üngür, G. (2009). Amatör ve profesyonel futbolcularda hedef yönelimi ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki. Yayımlanmış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sporda Psiko-Sosyal Alanlar Anabilim Dalı, İzmir.
  • Walling, M. D., Duda, J. L., Chi, L. (1993). The perceived motivational climate in sport questionnaire: Construct and predictive validity. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 15(2), 172-183.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Eylem Gencer 0000-0001-7666-9817

Publication Date September 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gencer, E. (2021). HEDEF YÖNELİMİNİN YORDAYICISI OLARAK ALGILANAN MOTİVASYONEL İKLİM: GÜREŞÇİLER ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(3), 71-80. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.858167

Flag Counter