Poetry, one of the two main elements of literature, differed from prose with some rules and criteria such as meter and rhyme. Thanks to the fact that it has such features in itself, it has attracted attention and caught its permanence. The position of jahiliyyah poetry at the beginning of Arabic literature clearly shows this. Poetry in Arabic literature has been transferred and created to the next generations with these features in general. However, after these early periods, some verse types emerged, which are called by names such as al-Şiʻru'l-Melhûn, aş-Şiʻru'ş-Şaʻbî, and aş-Şiʻru'l-ʻÂmmî, spoken by locals on a regional basis, and without certain rules and criteria. There are seven of these species, according to the general opinion. Although there is no clear view about when they emerged, it is estimated that the date of their emergence dates back to the early periods such as the end of the first century and the beginning of the second century. In this study, the historical development of the mentioned species will be emphasized and the subjects will be detailed with examples.
Edebiyatın iki ana unsurundan biri olan şiir, vezin ve kâfiye gibi birtakım kural ve ölçütlerle nesirden farklılaşmıştır. Bu gibi özellikleri kendisinde barındırması sayesinde dikkatleri üzerine çekmiş ve kalıcılığı yakalamıştır. Arap edebiyatının başlarında cahiliye şiirinin konumu bunu açıkça göstermektedir. Arap edebiyatında şiir, genel olarak bu özellikleriyle sonraki nesillere aktarılmış ve oluşturulmuştur. Ancak söz konusu bu ilk dönemlerden sonra eş-Şiʻru’l-Melhûn, eş- Şiʻru’ş-Şaʻbî ve eş-Şiʻru’l-ʻÂmmî gibi isimlerle adlandırılan ve bölgesel bazda halk ağzıyla söylenip belli kaide ve ölçütleri olmayan bazı nazım türleri ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu türler, genel görüşe göre yedi tanedir. Bunların ne zaman ortaya çıktığıyla ilgili net bir görüş olmamakla beraber bunlardan bazılarının ortaya çıkış tarihinin hicri ilk asrın sonu ile ikinci asrın başı gibi ilk dönemlere kadar uzandığı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu türlerin tarihi gelişimi üzerinde durulacak ve konular örneklerle detaylandırılacaktır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Religious Studies |
Journal Section | Research Article |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | July 20, 2023 |
Publication Date | July 26, 2023 |
Submission Date | May 22, 2023 |
Published in Issue | Year 2023Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
ISSN: 2667-4491
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